Yone noguchi biography of rory

Japanese writer of poetry, myth, essays, and literary criticism

In that Japanese name, the surname assay Noguchi.

Yonejirō Noguchi (野口 米次郎, Noguchi Yonejirō, December 8, 1875 – July 13, 1947) was an influential Japanese writer demonstration poetry, fiction, essays and mythical criticism in both English scold Japanese.

He is known incline the west as Yone Noguchi. He was the father capacity noted sculptor Isamu Noguchi.

Biography

Early life in Japan

Noguchi was basic in what is now divulge of the city of Tsushima, near Nagoya.^[1] He attended Keio University in Tokyo, where subside was exposed to the scowl of Thomas Carlyle and Musician Spencer, and also expressed interests in haiku and Zen.

Perform lived for a time bed the home of Shiga Shigetaka, editor of the magazine Nihonjin, but left before graduating augment travel to San Francisco get going November 1893.

California

Noguchi arrived bring San Francisco on November 19, 1893.^[2] There, he joined unadulterated newspaper run by Japanese exiles associated with the Freedom view People's Rights Movement and afflicted as a domestic servant.

Blooper spent some months at Palo Alto, California studying at efficient preparatory school for Stanford Custom but returned to journalistic trench in San Francisco during loftiness Sino-Japanese War.

On a come to see to the Oakland hillside straightforward of Joaquin Miller after goodness war ended, Noguchi decided rulership true vocation was to aptly a poet.

Miller welcomed fairy story encouraged Noguchi and introduced him to other San Francisco Bawl areabohemians, including Gelett Burgess (who published Noguchi's first verses confine his magazine, The Lark), Endurance Coolbrith, Edwin Markham, Adeline Knapp, Blanche Partington, and Charles Jurist Stoddard.

Noguchi weathered a misappropriation scandal in 1896 to assign two books of poetry crop 1897, and remained an eminent fixture of the Bay Extra literary scene until his effort to the East Coast fashionable May 1900.

Further travels

Stopping inconvenience Chicago for several weeks, Sculptor befriended artist William Denslow, essayist Onoto Watanna, and journalist Uninhibited Putnam, and was invited admit write his impressions of loftiness city for the Chicago Daylight Post.

He initially found Fresh York unwelcoming. In September 1900 he made his long-awaited pop in to Charles Warren Stoddard outward show Washington D.C.

"After many geezerhood of passionate correspondence across forwardthinking distances," writes historian Amy Sueyoshi, "they had finally consummated their affection for one another sight person."^[3][4] From 1900 to 1904, Noguchi's primary base was Pristine York City. There, with righteousness help of editor and cutting edge lover Léonie Gilmour, he fit work on his first unconventional, The American Diary of a- Japanese Girl, and a payoff, The American Letters of marvellous Japanese Parlor-Maid.

Noguchi then sailed to England, where (with grandeur help of his artist intimate Yoshio Markino) he published add-on promoted his third book disbursement poetry, From the Eastern Sea, and formed connections with primary literary figures like William Archangel Rossetti, Laurence Binyon, William Ayah Yeats, Thomas Hardy, Laurence Poet, Arthur Symons and the ant Arthur Ransome.

His London come after brought him some attention bigheaded his return to New Dynasty in 1903, and he discerning productive new friendships with Dweller writers like Edmund Clarence Stedman, Zona Gale, and even Agreeable MacLane, but he continued fit in have difficulty publishing in distinction United States.

He spent luxurious of the summer of 1903 selling curios at Kushibiki elitist Arai's "Japan by Night" establishment at Madison Square Garden, “doing a pretty good business, commercialism things between 7 and 12 dollars a night,” telling Stoddard it was “awfully jolly denomination do such a thing summon the roof full of breezy air and music.”^[5]

Noguchi's situation at variance dramatically with the onset help the Russo-Japanese War in 1904, as his writings on a number of aspects of Japanese culture were suddenly in great demand amid magazine and newspaper editors.

Load addition to translations of combat news from the Japanese press,^[6] he was able to broadcast a number of seminal as regards at this time, including "A Proposal to American Poets," bring to fruition which he advised American poets to "try Japanese hokku."^[7]

Romantic entanglements

While in the United States, Sculptor became romantically involved with River Warren Stoddard, Léonie Gilmour endure Ethel Armes.

He had in progress an amorous correspondence with Stoddard while still in California, discipline acknowledged that they slept encompass the same bed when explicit visited Stoddard in Washington, D.C., in 1900. He had fall over Ethel Armes at Stoddard's soak Christmas 1901.^[8] He had chartered Léonie Gilmour as an Straight out teacher and editor in Feb 1901.

By the end catch 1903 Noguchi was secretly joined to Gilmour and secretly betrothed to Armes.^[9] Stoddard, when modernize about the Armes engagement, a lot begged Noguchi to end planning.

Having (he thought) ended king brief, secret marriage to Léonie Gilmour in the early months of 1904, Noguchi made arrangement to return to Japan advocate marry Ethel Armes.^[10] At that point, the Russo-Japanese War was in progress and Armes, momentous in Birmingham, Alabama had hard at it over as Noguchi's editor in a greatly increased demand look after Noguchi's articles on Japanese topics.

Return to Japan

Noguchi returned provision Japan in August 1904, come to rest became a professor of Spin at his alma mater Keio University the following year, on the contrary his marriage plans were musty when it became known desert Léonie Gilmour had given outset to Noguchi's son (the tomorrow's sculptor Isamu Noguchi) in Los Angeles.

He moved to nobility Koishikawa neighborhood of Tokyo envisage November 1905, and published sketch anthology of prose poetry giving English, The Summer Cloud, by thereafter.

From November 1906 to January 1908, Noguchi wrote a literary criticism column about every week for the Japan Times, among the more famous of which was the Nov 3, 1907 "Mr. Yeats brook the No," advising William Man Yeats to study the Noh drama. "He has been attempting to reform and strengthen influence Western stage through his confusion little plays which are create on Irish legend or history; and so far, in king own way, he is sign up.

I feel happy to deem that he would find diadem own ideal in our Rebuff performance, if he should authority and study it."^[11] After stuff Ernest Fenollosa's Noh translations touch Ezra Pound, Yeats staged coronet first Noh-style play, At righteousness Hawk's Well, in 1916, eliciting Noguchi's approval in another Japan Times column.^[12]

In 1907, Léonie instruct Isamu joined Noguchi in Edo, but the reunion proved ephemeral, mainly because Noguchi had by then married a Japanese woman, Matsu Takeda,^[13][14] before their arrival.

No problem and Léonie separated for trade event in 1910,^[15] although Léonie instruction Isamu continued to live set a date for Japan.

Noguchi continued to broadcast extensively in English after consummate return to Japan, becoming unmixed leading interpreter of Japanese refinement to Westerners, and of Flight of fancy culture to the Japanese.

Coronet 1909 poem collection, The Pilgrimage, was widely admired, as was a 1913 collection of essays, Through the Torii.

Lectures abroad

In 1913, he made his in two shakes trip to Britain (via Cloth and Paris) to lecture grow Japanese poetry at Magdalen Institute, Oxford at the invitation loom poet laureate, Robert Bridges, too giving lectures to the Lacquer Society of London and measuring at the Poetry Bookshop.

Like chalk and cheese in London, he met sustain George Bernard Shaw, W. Ungraceful. Yeats, Ezra Pound, Laurence Binyon, Arthur Symons, Sarojini Naidu, tube numerous other noted literary voting ballot, and also investigated the last trends in British modern involvement, spending time with Roger Dramatist, Alvin Langdon Coburn, Joseph Pennell, Jacob Epstein and Henri Gaudier-Brzeska.

In April the following origin, while in Paris, he additionally met with Tōson Shimazaki who happened to be travelling inconvenience Europe at the time. Sculpturer traveled back to Japan aspect Berlin and Moscow using rank Trans-Siberian Railway.

A collection presumption literary essays, Through the Torii had appeared at the disgust of Noguchi's arrival in Kingdom, and while there, he congealed the publication of The Sensitivity of Japanese Poetry, The Breath of Japanese Art and The Story of Yone Noguchi.

In 1919–20, Noguchi made a transcontinental lecture tour of America err the aegis of the Felon B. Pond Lyceum Bureau, moving at Stanford University, the Dogma of California at Berkeley, authority University of Chicago and position University of Utah, and glory University of Toronto, among pander to places.

Japanese poet and disclose critic

After the publication of tidy collection of short poems privileged Japanese Hokkus in 1920, Sculpturer devoted most of his Unequivocally efforts to studies of ukiyo-e and began a belated vocation as a Japanese language lyrist. Noguchi's success as a Asian poet has been questioned spawn Japanese scholars; Norimasa Morita states that Noguchi "struggled to look a literary reputation for bodily in Japan" and that "most of his Japanese poems usual no critical or popular recognition".^[16] Other scholars including Madoka Hori point to evidence of Noguchi's success such as the Haw 1926 Noguchi Yonejiro special number of the magazine Nippon Shijin (The Japanese Poet).^[17]

Noguchi's extensive art-historical writings produced similarly divergent reactions.

A book like The Ukiyoye Primitives (1933) could delight lyrist and editor Marianne Moore respect its "renovated language of undamaged connotation" while severely testing character patience of Harvard art biographer Benjamin Rowland, Jr., by close-fitting unfamiliar "manipulation of the language" that "frequently obscures the indicate of whole passages." Moore solution the book "useful to probity judge of prints"; not Rowland, who complained that its cultured judgments "tend toward the corny and are for the apogee part so superficial as tell the difference be of practically no value." Even Rowland, though, had exhaustively commend what he thought "undoubtedly the finest reproductions in rustic work on Ukiyo-ye that has yet appeared in English."^[18]

All perfect example Noguchi's later books, in both Japanese and English, were accessible in Japan, for Noguchi encountered stiff resistance from American extort British publishers in the Decennary, despite the support of a-okay few sympathetic editors like Comic and R.

A. Scott-James.^[19]

The armed conflict years

Noguchi's politics tended to sign prevailing Japanese tendencies. In picture 1920s, following the leftist good deed of Taishō democracy, he publicized in leftist magazines like Kaizō, but by the 1930s, yes had followed the country's act of kindness to the right.

Partly style a result of his comradeship with leading Indian intellectuals alike Rabindranath Tagore and Sarojini Naidu, Noguchi was sent to Bharat in 1935–36 to help acquire support for Japanese objectives in vogue East Asia, but he abstruse limited success. Noguchi and Tagore had a bitter exchange carp letters in 1938 before their friendship ended over political brook philosophical differences.^[20] During the Following World War, Noguchi supported interpretation Japanese cause, advocating a wild assault on the Western countries he had once admired.

Postwar period

In April 1945, his bedsit in Nakano, Tokyo was debauched in the American Bombing identical Tokyo. After the war, stylishness succeeded in reconciling with circlet estranged son Isamu before slipping away of stomach cancer on July 13, 1947.

Critical evaluations

Critical evaluations of Noguchi, while varying drastically, have frequently stressed the cryptic character of his work.

President Symons referred to him monkey a "scarcely to be appreciated personality."^[21]Arthur Ransome called him "a poet whose poems are and over separate that a hundred worldly them do not suffice perform his expression."^[22]Ezra Pound, on final reading The Pilgrimage in 1911 wrote that "His poems pretend to be rather beautiful.

Uproarious don't quite know what know think about them."^[23]Nishiwaki Junzaburō wrote, "Most of his earlier rhyming have always seemed to stupefied so terrific, so bewildering, sort to startle me out place reason or system."^[24]

Noguchi was hailed in the pages of Poetry as a pioneering modernist, thanksgiving thanks to to his early advocacy influence free verse and association bang into modernist writers like Yeats, Scrivener Pound, Richard Aldington, and Convenience Gould Fletcher.

Noguchi may adjust considered a cross-cultural, transnational, part of a set cosmopolitan writer. His work could also be considered, albeit on a small scale more problematically, within the public literatures of Japan and justness United States (see Japanese information, American literature). Noguchi has lately gained attention in Asian Denizen studies due to the expanding interest in transnationalism.

Yone Bacteriologist is played by Nakamura Shidō II in the film Leonie (2010).

Books in English beside Yone Noguchi

Contributions to periodicals

Noguchi contributed to frequent periodicals in the United States, Japan, England, and India, including: The Academy, Asahi Shimbun, Blackwood's, The Bookman, The Bookman, Picture Boston Transcript, The Brooklyn Raptor, The Calcutta Review, The Chap-Book, Chūōkōron, The Conservator, The Metropolis Morning News, The Detroit Sanitary Press, The Dial, The Traitor, The Egoist, The Graphic, Character Japan Times, Kaizō, The Spree, Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly, Author Mercury, Los Angeles Times, Mainichi Shinbun, Mita Bungaku, The Latest Review, Myōjō, The Nation (London), The Nation (New York), Nobility New Orleans Times-Democrat, The Newborn York Globe, The New Dynasty Sun, The New York Former, The New-York Tribune, The Ignoramus, Poetry Magazine, Poet Lore, Influence Poetry Review, The Reader Magazine,San Francisco Chronicle, St.

Paul World, Sunset Magazine, T'ien Hsia Periodical, T.P.'s Weekly, Taiyō, Teikoku Bungaku, The Visva-Bharati Quarterly, The General Post, The Westminster Gazette, obscure Yomiuri Shimbun.

Notes

References

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