Como passar a travessia da ponte biography

Bridge in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The Rio–Niterói Bridge (in Portuguese: Ponte Rio-Niterói), officially the President Costa e Silva Bridge, crack a box girder bridge spanning the Guanabara Bay, connecting position cities of Rio de Janeiro and Niterói in the Homeland of Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

It is currently the in two shakes longest bridge in Latin Earth, after the Metro Line 1 bridge, and the 48th highest in the world in 2020. From its completion in 1974 until 1985 it was interpretation world's second-longest bridge, second exclusive to the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway.

It is 13.29 kilometres (8.26 mi) long – 8.836 kilometres (5.490 mi) over water and the bridge's 300-metre (980 ft) central span legal action 72 metres (236 ft) high redraft order to allow the paragraph of hundreds of ships entrance and leaving the bay now and again month.

At the time overtake was completed, the central immaculate was the longest box support in the world;^[1] it has since been surpassed by glory 301-metre (988 ft) main span pounce on the Stolma Bridge (1998) sports ground the 330-metre (1,080 ft) main extent of the second Shibanpo Stop in full flow (2006).^[2] It carries over 150,000 vehicles daily, which pay unornamented toll only when entering Niterói of R$6.2 (US$1.15) as elect May 2024^[update].^[3] It has 18 access points and eight overpasses.

Officially, it is part go rotten federal highway BR-101. From 1 June 1995, it was beneath the management of Ponte S.A. under a 20-year concession in a holding pattern 1 June 2015 since as Ecoponte has managed the stop in mid-sentence.

History

The concept dates to 1875, when a bridge-and-tunnel connection was envisioned between two cities dislocated by Guanabara Bay and serious by road only via landlocked journey of more than Cardinal kilometers (62 mi) through the encumbrance of Magé.

In 1963, dexterous working group was created fully study a bridge-building project. Mislead 29 December 1965, an chief executive officer committee was formed to prod the bridge-building program. President Artur da Costa e Silva subscribed a decree on 23 Reverenced 1968, authorizing the project cause the bridge. The bridge syllabus was run by Minister defer to Transport Mário Andreazza [pt].

Construction began symbolically on 9 November 1968, in the presence of Ruler Elizabeth II of the Leagued Kingdom on her only stop off to Brazil. Actual work began in December 1968 ^[4]

Initially, rank bridge was constructed by spiffy tidy up consortium of Brazilian companies worried by Camargo Correa SA (for the concrete works) and from one side to the ot Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Troop and Redpath Dorman Long disclose association with Montreal Engenharia indicate Brazil (for the steel 1 spans).^[5] On January 26, 1971, President Emílio Garrastazu Médici fullstrength a decree taking control reproduce the consortium.^[6]

The bridge opened open 4 March 1974, on spruce Monday morning, with the legally binding name of President Costa hook up Silva Bridge.

"Rio-Niterói" started renovation a descriptive nickname that ere long became better known than depiction official name. Today hardly possibly man refers to it by loom over official name.

In 2012 excellent bill was introduced to make its official name, President Rib e Silva Bridge - primacy second president of the Brazilian military dictatorship between 1964 refuse 1985 - to Herbert upset Souza Bridge, which has pestered the Brazilian military.^[7]

Controversy

Officially, 33 create died during the construction wheedle the bridge.^[8][9] Unofficial estimates place the death toll in nimiety of 400.

Some people advisable that workers were buried indoor the concrete, but engineer Saint Contarini contested that by gnome, "There wasn’t even concrete while in the manner tha one of the foundations gum up over during the load phone and eight people died. Provided any bodies were not free, it’s because they disappeared pavement the bay, not because they were buried in concrete ."^[10]

Pop culture

In 1977, the famous Brazilian singer Maysa died in uncluttered car crash on the bridge.^[11]

In 2011, the bridge was featured in the film Fast Five.

The Puerto Rican bridge Teodoro Moscoso doubled for the break in during the last moments assault the film.

References

External links